In Haidong Gumdo, great importance is placed on etiquette, and training is carried out in a disciplined manner, following strict rules of conduct. There are eight student grades (Keup) and master grades (DAN), which are achieved through examinations. Grading is indicated by colored belts, with DAN grades wearing black belts. Training includes basics, forms, restricted and free sparring, setup and cutting exercises, mostly using wooden or padded plastic swords. Safety is the top priority, and exercises are carried out with a safe distance between students. The clothing, called the dobok, consists of a short-sleeved top and loose trousers. Beginners traditionally wear black doboks, while masters/instructors wear blue doboks. The development from beginners to knowledgeable is symbolically represented by the transition from night (black) to day (blue). Masters from 2nd DAN who are trained as instructors also wear white and black checked trousers. Students are taught by instructors, most of whom have a Dan grade, and the training to become an instructor usually takes about two years.